diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.c	2007-10-29 03:11:08.000000000 +0100
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.c	2007-11-01 22:17:24.000000000 +0100
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
     : Dsymbol(id)
 {
     type = NULL;
+    originalType = NULL;
     storage_class = STCundefined;
     protection = PROTundefined;
     linkage = LINKdefault;
@@ -616,9 +617,13 @@
 	 * declarations.
 	 */
 	storage_class &= ~STCauto;
+	originalType = type;
     }
     else
+    {	if (!originalType)
+	    originalType = type;
 	type = type->semantic(loc, sc);
+    }
 
     type->checkDeprecated(loc, sc);
     linkage = sc->linkage;
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.h dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.h
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.h	2007-10-25 01:24:40.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/declaration.h	2007-11-05 17:55:16.000000000 +0100
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
 struct Declaration : Dsymbol
 {
     Type *type;
+    Type *originalType;		// before semantic analysis
     unsigned storage_class;
     enum PROT protection;
     enum LINK linkage;
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@
     int isFinal()        { return storage_class & STCfinal; }
     int isAbstract()     { return storage_class & STCabstract; }
     int isConst()        { return storage_class & STCconst; }
+    int isInvariant()    { return 0; }
     int isAuto()         { return storage_class & STCauto; }
     int isScope()        { return storage_class & (STCscope | STCauto); }
     int isSynchronized() { return storage_class & STCsynchronized; }
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/doc.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/doc.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/doc.c	2007-04-10 10:38:58.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/doc.c	2007-11-18 20:54:50.000000000 +0100
@@ -269,7 +269,6 @@
     }
 
     buf.printf("$(DDOC_COMMENT Generated by Ddoc from %s)\n", srcfile->toChars());
-
     if (isDocFile)
     {
 	size_t commentlen = strlen((char *)comment);
@@ -283,7 +282,6 @@
     }
     else
     {
-
 	dc->writeSections(sc, this, sc->docbuf);
 	emitMemberComments(sc);
     }
@@ -654,6 +652,10 @@
 	    buf->writestring("static ");
 	if (d->isConst())
 	    buf->writestring("const ");
+#if V2
+	if (d->isInvariant())
+	    buf->writestring("invariant ");
+#endif
 	if (d->isFinal())
 	    buf->writestring("final ");
 	if (d->isSynchronized())
@@ -663,7 +665,7 @@
 
 void Declaration::toDocBuffer(OutBuffer *buf)
 {
-    //printf("Declaration::toDocbuffer() %s\n", toChars());
+    //printf("Declaration::toDocbuffer() %s, originalType = %p\n", toChars(), originalType);
     if (ident)
     {
 	prefix(buf, this);
@@ -671,7 +673,12 @@
 	if (type)
 	{   HdrGenState hgs;
 	    hgs.ddoc = 1;
-	    type->toCBuffer(buf, ident, &hgs);
+	    if (originalType)
+	    {	//originalType->print();
+		originalType->toCBuffer(buf, ident, &hgs);
+	    }
+	    else
+		type->toCBuffer(buf, ident, &hgs);
 	}
 	else
 	    buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
@@ -723,10 +730,11 @@
 	    td->onemember == this)
 	{   HdrGenState hgs;
 	    unsigned o = buf->offset;
+	    TypeFunction *tf = (TypeFunction *)type;
 
 	    hgs.ddoc = 1;
 	    prefix(buf, td);
-	    type->next->toCBuffer(buf, NULL, &hgs);
+	    tf->next->toCBuffer(buf, NULL, &hgs);
 	    buf->writeByte(' ');
 	    buf->writestring(ident->toChars());
 	    buf->writeByte('(');
@@ -738,7 +746,6 @@
 		tp->toCBuffer(buf, &hgs);
 	    }
 	    buf->writeByte(')');
-	    TypeFunction *tf = (TypeFunction *)type;
 	    Argument::argsToCBuffer(buf, &hgs, tf->parameters, tf->varargs);
 	    buf->writestring(";\n");
 
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/expression.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/expression.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/expression.c	2007-10-31 19:07:50.000000000 +0100
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/expression.c	2007-11-25 00:07:44.000000000 +0100
@@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@
 
 char *RealExp::toChars()
 {
-    static char buffer[sizeof(value) * 3 + 8 + 1 + 1];
+    char buffer[sizeof(value) * 3 + 8 + 1 + 1];
 
 #ifdef IN_GCC
     value.format(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
@@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@
     sprintf(buffer, type->isimaginary() ? "%Lgi" : "%Lg", value);
 #endif
     assert(strlen(buffer) < sizeof(buffer));
-    return buffer;
+    return mem.strdup(buffer);
 }
 
 integer_t RealExp::toInteger()
@@ -1482,7 +1482,7 @@
 
 char *ComplexExp::toChars()
 {
-    static char buffer[sizeof(value) * 3 + 8 + 1];
+    char buffer[sizeof(value) * 3 + 8 + 1];
 
 #ifdef IN_GCC
     char buf1[sizeof(value) * 3 + 8 + 1];
@@ -1494,7 +1494,7 @@
     sprintf(buffer, "(%Lg+%Lgi)", creall(value), cimagl(value));
     assert(strlen(buffer) < sizeof(buffer));
 #endif
-    return buffer;
+    return mem.strdup(buffer);
 }
 
 integer_t ComplexExp::toInteger()
@@ -3138,7 +3138,13 @@
 	if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration())
 	    error("cannot create instance of interface %s", cd->toChars());
 	else if (cd->isAbstract())
-	    error("cannot create instance of abstract class %s", cd->toChars());
+	{   error("cannot create instance of abstract class %s", cd->toChars());
+	    for (int i = 0; i < cd->vtbl.dim; i++)
+	    {	FuncDeclaration *fd = ((Dsymbol *)cd->vtbl.data[i])->isFuncDeclaration();
+		if (fd && fd->isAbstract())
+		    error("function %s is abstract", fd->toChars());
+	    }
+	}
 	checkDeprecated(sc, cd);
 	if (cd->isNested())
 	{   /* We need a 'this' pointer for the nested class.
@@ -5522,9 +5528,9 @@
 	    TemplateDeclaration *td = dte->td;
 	    assert(td);
 	    if (!arguments)
-		// Should fix deduce() so it works on NULL argument
+		// Should fix deduceFunctionTemplate() so it works on NULL argument
 		arguments = new Expressions();
-	    f = td->deduce(sc, loc, NULL, arguments);
+	    f = td->deduceFunctionTemplate(sc, loc, NULL, arguments);
 	    if (!f)
 	    {	type = Type::terror;
 		return this;
@@ -5699,7 +5705,7 @@
 	else if (e1->op == TOKtemplate)
 	{
 	    TemplateExp *te = (TemplateExp *)e1;
-	    f = te->td->deduce(sc, loc, NULL, arguments);
+	    f = te->td->deduceFunctionTemplate(sc, loc, NULL, arguments);
 	    if (!f)
 	    {	type = Type::terror;
 		return this;
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/func.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/func.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/func.c	2007-10-30 21:06:30.000000000 +0100
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/func.c	2007-11-24 23:42:34.000000000 +0100
@@ -136,6 +136,9 @@
 
     if (isAbstract() && !isVirtual())
 	error("non-virtual functions cannot be abstract");
+
+    if (isAbstract() && isFinal())
+	error("cannot be both final and abstract");
 #if 0
     if (isAbstract() && fbody)
 	error("abstract functions cannot have bodies");
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/mars.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/mars.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/mars.c	2007-10-11 01:19:02.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/mars.c	2007-11-01 19:41:44.000000000 +0100
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
     copyright = "Copyright (c) 1999-2007 by Digital Mars";
     written = "written by Walter Bright";
-    version = "v1.023";
+    version = "v1.024";
     global.structalign = 8;
 
     memset(&params, 0, sizeof(Param));
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/module.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/module.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/module.c	2007-06-29 11:32:24.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/module.c	2007-11-22 00:07:22.000000000 +0100
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
     vmoduleinfo = NULL;
     massert = NULL;
     marray = NULL;
+    sictor = NULL;
     sctor = NULL;
     sdtor = NULL;
     stest = NULL;
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/module.h dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/module.h
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/module.h	2007-04-10 10:38:58.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/module.h	2007-11-22 00:07:12.000000000 +0100
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@
     Symbol *cov;		// private uint[] __coverage;
     unsigned *covb;		// bit array of valid code line numbers
 
+    Symbol *sictor;		// module order independent constructor
     Symbol *sctor;		// module constructor
     Symbol *sdtor;		// module destructor
     Symbol *stest;		// module unit test
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/mtype.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/mtype.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/mtype.c	2007-10-21 12:20:38.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/mtype.c	2007-11-01 22:27:36.000000000 +0100
@@ -2720,38 +2720,50 @@
     }
     //printf("TypeFunction::semantic() this = %p\n", this);
 
-    linkage = sc->linkage;
-    if (!next)
+    TypeFunction *tf = (TypeFunction *)mem.malloc(sizeof(TypeFunction));
+    memcpy(tf, this, sizeof(TypeFunction));
+    if (parameters)
+    {	tf->parameters = (Arguments *)parameters->copy();
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < parameters->dim; i++)
+	{   Argument *arg = (Argument *)parameters->data[i];
+	    Argument *cpy = (Argument *)mem.malloc(sizeof(Argument));
+	    memcpy(cpy, arg, sizeof(Argument));
+	    tf->parameters->data[i] = (void *)cpy;
+	}
+    }
+
+    tf->linkage = sc->linkage;
+    if (!tf->next)
     {
 	assert(global.errors);
-	next = tvoid;
+	tf->next = tvoid;
     }
-    next = next->semantic(loc,sc);
-    if (next->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray)
-    {	error(loc, "functions cannot return static array %s", next->toChars());
-	next = Type::terror;
+    tf->next = tf->next->semantic(loc,sc);
+    if (tf->next->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray)
+    {	error(loc, "functions cannot return static array %s", tf->next->toChars());
+	tf->next = Type::terror;
     }
-    if (next->toBasetype()->ty == Tfunction)
+    if (tf->next->toBasetype()->ty == Tfunction)
     {	error(loc, "functions cannot return a function");
-	next = Type::terror;
+	tf->next = Type::terror;
     }
-    if (next->toBasetype()->ty == Ttuple)
+    if (tf->next->toBasetype()->ty == Ttuple)
     {	error(loc, "functions cannot return a tuple");
-	next = Type::terror;
+	tf->next = Type::terror;
     }
-    if (next->isauto() && !(sc->flags & SCOPEctor))
-	error(loc, "functions cannot return auto %s", next->toChars());
+    if (tf->next->isauto() && !(sc->flags & SCOPEctor))
+	error(loc, "functions cannot return auto %s", tf->next->toChars());
 
-    if (parameters)
-    {	size_t dim = Argument::dim(parameters);
+    if (tf->parameters)
+    {	size_t dim = Argument::dim(tf->parameters);
 
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
-	{   Argument *arg = Argument::getNth(parameters, i);
+	{   Argument *arg = Argument::getNth(tf->parameters, i);
 	    Type *t;
 
-	    inuse++;
+	    tf->inuse++;
 	    arg->type = arg->type->semantic(loc,sc);
-	    if (inuse == 1) inuse--;
+	    if (tf->inuse == 1) tf->inuse--;
 	    t = arg->type->toBasetype();
 
 	    if (arg->storageClass & (STCout | STCref | STClazy))
@@ -2773,27 +2785,27 @@
 	     * change.
 	     */
 	    if (t->ty == Ttuple)
-	    {	dim = Argument::dim(parameters);
+	    {	dim = Argument::dim(tf->parameters);
 		i--;
 	    }
 	}
     }
-    deco = merge()->deco;
+    tf->deco = tf->merge()->deco;
 
-    if (inuse)
+    if (tf->inuse)
     {	error(loc, "recursive type");
-	inuse = 0;
+	tf->inuse = 0;
 	return terror;
     }
 
-    if (varargs == 1 && linkage != LINKd && Argument::dim(parameters) == 0)
+    if (tf->varargs == 1 && tf->linkage != LINKd && Argument::dim(tf->parameters) == 0)
 	error(loc, "variadic functions with non-D linkage must have at least one parameter");
 
     /* Don't return merge(), because arg identifiers and default args
      * can be different
      * even though the types match
      */
-    return this;
+    return tf;
 }
 
 /********************************
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/opover.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/opover.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/opover.c	2007-07-11 08:29:28.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/opover.c	2007-11-14 11:42:40.000000000 +0100
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@
     FuncDeclaration *fd;
 
     assert(td);
-    fd = td->deduce(sc, loc, targsi, arguments);
+    fd = td->deduceFunctionTemplate(sc, loc, targsi, arguments);
     if (!fd)
 	return;
     m->anyf = fd;
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/template.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/template.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/template.c	2007-10-31 19:31:38.000000000 +0100
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/template.c	2007-11-14 11:41:34.000000000 +0100
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@
  *	dedargs		Expression/Type deduced template arguments
  */
 
-MATCH TemplateDeclaration::deduceMatch(Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs,
+MATCH TemplateDeclaration::deduceFunctionTemplateMatch(Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs,
 	Objects *dedargs)
 {
     size_t i;
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@
     Objects dedtypes;	// for T:T*, the dedargs is the T*, dedtypes is the T
 
 #if 0
-    printf("\nTemplateDeclaration::deduceMatch() %s\n", toChars());
+    printf("\nTemplateDeclaration::deduceFunctionTemplateMatch() %s\n", toChars());
     for (i = 0; i < fargs->dim; i++)
     {	Expression *e = (Expression *)fargs->data[i];
 	printf("\tfarg[%d] is %s, type is %s\n", i, e->toChars(), e->type->toChars());
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@
  *	fargs		arguments to function
  */
 
-FuncDeclaration *TemplateDeclaration::deduce(Scope *sc, Loc loc,
+FuncDeclaration *TemplateDeclaration::deduceFunctionTemplate(Scope *sc, Loc loc,
 	Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs)
 {
     MATCH m_best = MATCHnomatch;
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@
     FuncDeclaration *fd;
 
 #if 0
-    printf("TemplateDeclaration::deduce() %s\n", toChars());
+    printf("TemplateDeclaration::deduceFunctionTemplate() %s\n", toChars());
     printf("    targsi:\n");
     if (targsi)
     {	for (int i = 0; i < targsi->dim; i++)
@@ -1028,8 +1028,8 @@
 	MATCH m;
 	Objects dedargs;
 
-	m = td->deduceMatch(targsi, fargs, &dedargs);
-	//printf("deduceMatch = %d\n", m);
+	m = td->deduceFunctionTemplateMatch(targsi, fargs, &dedargs);
+	//printf("deduceFunctionTemplateMatch = %d\n", m);
 	if (!m)			// if no match
 	    continue;
 
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/template.h dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/template.h
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/template.h	2007-10-21 19:54:28.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/template.h	2007-11-14 11:41:34.000000000 +0100
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@
     MATCH matchWithInstance(TemplateInstance *ti, Objects *atypes, int flag);
     int leastAsSpecialized(TemplateDeclaration *td2);
 
-    MATCH deduceMatch(Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs, Objects *dedargs);
-    FuncDeclaration *deduce(Scope *sc, Loc loc, Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs);
+    MATCH deduceFunctionTemplateMatch(Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs, Objects *dedargs);
+    FuncDeclaration *deduceFunctionTemplate(Scope *sc, Loc loc, Objects *targsi, Expressions *fargs);
     void declareParameter(Scope *sc, TemplateParameter *tp, Object *o);
 
     TemplateDeclaration *isTemplateDeclaration() { return this; }
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/toobj.c dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/toobj.c
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/dmd/toobj.c	2007-09-08 18:29:06.000000000 +0200
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/dmd/toobj.c	2007-11-23 11:12:26.000000000 +0100
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-// Copyright (c) 1999-2006 by Digital Mars
+// Copyright (c) 1999-2007 by Digital Mars
 // All Rights Reserved
 // written by Walter Bright
 // http://www.digitalmars.com
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 {
     Symbol *msym = toSymbol();
     unsigned offset;
-    unsigned sizeof_ModuleInfo = 12 * PTRSIZE;
+    unsigned sizeof_ModuleInfo = 14 * PTRSIZE;
 
     //////////////////////////////////////////////
 
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@
 	    void *ctor;
 	    void *dtor;
 	    void *unitTest;
+	    const(MemberInfo[]) function(string) xgetMembers;	// module getMembers() function
+	    void *ictor;
        }
      */
     dt_t *dt = NULL;
@@ -114,9 +116,9 @@
 	dtdword(&dt, 0);
 
     if (needmoduleinfo)
-	dtdword(&dt, 0);		// flags (4 means MIstandalone)
+	dtdword(&dt, 8|0);		// flags (4 means MIstandalone)
     else
-	dtdword(&dt, 4);		// flags (4 means MIstandalone)
+	dtdword(&dt, 8|4);		// flags (4 means MIstandalone)
 
     if (sctor)
 	dtxoff(&dt, sctor, 0, TYnptr);
@@ -133,6 +135,13 @@
     else
 	dtdword(&dt, 0);
 
+    dtdword(&dt, 0);			// xgetMembers
+
+    if (sictor)
+	dtxoff(&dt, sictor, 0, TYnptr);
+    else
+	dtdword(&dt, 0);
+
     //////////////////////////////////////////////
 
     for (i = 0; i < aimports.dim; i++)
diff -uNr dmd-1.023/dmd/src/phobos/std/moduleinit.d dmd-1.024/dmd/src/phobos/std/moduleinit.d
--- dmd-1.023/dmd/src/phobos/std/moduleinit.d	2007-11-01 11:21:02.000000000 +0100
+++ dmd-1.024/dmd/src/phobos/std/moduleinit.d	2007-11-27 21:19:24.000000000 +0100
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// Written in the D programming language
 
 module std.moduleinit;
 
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@
     MIctordone = 2,	// finished construction
     MIstandalone = 4,	// module ctor does not depend on other module
 			// ctors being done first
+    MIhasictor = 8,	// has ictor member
 }
 
 /***********************
@@ -30,9 +32,13 @@
 
     uint flags;		// initialization state
 
-    void (*ctor)();
-    void (*dtor)();
-    void (*unitTest)();
+    void (*ctor)();	// module static constructor (order dependent)
+    void (*dtor)();	// module static destructor
+    void (*unitTest)();	// module unit tests
+
+    void* xgetMembers;	// module getMembers() function
+
+    void (*ictor)();	// module static constructor (order independent)
 
     /******************
      * Return collection of all modules in the program.
@@ -47,7 +53,8 @@
 {
     this(ModuleInfo m)
     {
-	super("circular initialization dependency with module " ~ m.name);
+	super(cast(string) ("circular initialization dependency with module "
+                            ~ m.name));
     }
 }
 
@@ -105,6 +112,7 @@
 
     _moduleinfo_dtors = new ModuleInfo[_moduleinfo_array.length];
     debug printf("_moduleinfo_dtors = x%x\n", cast(void *)_moduleinfo_dtors);
+    _moduleIndependentCtors();
     _moduleCtor2(_moduleinfo_array, 0);
 
     version (none)
@@ -209,3 +217,20 @@
     }
 }
 
+/**********************************
+ * Run unit tests.
+ */
+
+extern (C) void _moduleIndependentCtors()
+{
+    debug printf("_moduleIndependentCtors()\n");
+    foreach (m; _moduleinfo_array)
+    {
+	if (m && m.flags & MIhasictor && m.ictor)
+	{
+	    (*m.ictor)();
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+